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London, EnglandOccupationKnown forSpouse(s)Charmian Powell (1960–76, divorced)Raimunda de Castro (2002–13, his death)ChildrenMotiveFinancial gain/enjoyment1947: robbery of a chemist shop, on charges of1950: car theft, prison1955: failed robbery of a bookmaker, prison1963:, obstructing justice and receiving stolen goods, 30 years in prison, served 10 years (1963–1965; 2001–2009), released on compassionate groundsPartner(s), Jimmy Hussey, Tommy Wisbey, John Wheater, Jimmy White, and Brian Field. Time at large35 years, 10 monthsEscaped8 July 1965Escape end7 May 2001Ronald Arthur Biggs (8 August 1929 – 18 December 2013) was one of the men who planned and carried out the. He subsequently became notorious for his escape from prison in 1965, living as a fugitive for 36 years, and for his various while in exile.
In 2001, he returned to the United Kingdom and spent several years in prison, where his health rapidly declined. Biggs was released from prison on in August 2009 and died in a nursing home in December 2013. Contents.Early life Biggs was born in, London, on 8 August 1929. As a child during the, he was to, Bedfordshire, and then. Career In 1947, at age 18, Biggs enlisted in the. He was for two years later, after breaking into a local chemist shop.
One month after that, he was convicted of stealing a car and sentenced to prison. On his release, he took part in a failed robbery attempt of a bookmaker office in,. During his incarceration in, he met.After his third prison sentence, Biggs tried to go straight and trained as a.
In February 1960, he married 21-year-old Charmian (Brent) Powell in, the daughter of a primary school headmaster. They had three sons together. Great Train Robbery. Main article:Biggs, who needed money to fund a deposit on the purchase of a house for his family, happened to be working on the house of a train driver who was about to retire. The driver has been variously identified as 'Stan Agate', or because of his age, 'Old Pete' or 'Pop'. His real name is unknown, since he was never caught.
He was the one who introduced Biggs to the train robbery plot. Reynolds gave Biggs the job of arranging for Agate to move the train after it had been waylaid.On the night of the hold up, Biggs told his wife he was off logging with Reynolds in. The gang then stopped the from to London in the early hours of 8 August 1963, which was Biggs's 34th birthday. Stan Agate was unable to operate the main line because he had only driven locomotives on the. Therefore, the driver of the intercepted train, was with an iron bar and forced to move the engine and mail carriages forward to a nearby bridge over a roadway, which had been chosen as the unloading point. Biggs' main task had been to get Agate to move the train and when it became obvious that the two were useless in that regard, they were banished to a waiting vehicle while the train was looted.Having unloaded 120 of the 128 mailbags from the train within Reynolds' allotted timetable, and returned to their hideout at Leatherslade Farm, various sources show that the robbery yielded the participants 2.6 million (equivalent to £49 million in 2017); Biggs's share was £147,000 (equivalent to £3,023,500 in 2019). With their timetable brought forward due to the police investigation closing in, Biggs returned home on the following Friday, with his stash in two canvas bags.After an accomplice failed to carry out his instructions to burn down Leatherslade Farm to destroy any evidence there, Biggs's fingerprints were found on a bottle by investigators.
Three weeks later, he was arrested in South London, along with 11 other members of the gang. In 1964, nine of the 15-strong gang, including Biggs, were jailed for the crime. Most received sentences of 30 years. Escape and abscondment Biggs served 15 months before escaping from on 8 July 1965, scaling the wall with a and dropping onto a waiting removal van. He fled to by boat then sent a note to his wife to join him in Paris where he had acquired new identity papers and was undergoing.
During his time in prison, Charmian had started an extramarital relationship and was pregnant by the time of his escape to the Continent. Choosing to support her husband, she had an illegal in London and then travelled with their two sons to Paris to join Biggs. Australia In 1966, Biggs fled to, where he lived for several months before moving to the seaside suburb of in,. By the time Biggs and his family arrived in 1966, they had spent all but £7,000 (equivalent to £128,100 in 2019) of his £147,000 share of the train robbery proceeds: £40,000 (equivalent to £731,900 in 2019) on plastic surgery in; £55,000 (equivalent to £1,006,300 in 2019) paid as a package deal to get him out of the UK to Australia; and the rest on legal fees and expenses.In 1967, just after their third child was born, Biggs received an anonymous letter from Britain telling him that suspected that he was in Australia and that he should move. In May 1967, the family moved to, where he rented a house in the suburb of while his wife Charmian and their three sons lived in.
Biggs had a number of jobs in Melbourne before undertaking set construction work at the GTV Television City studios. In October 1969, a newspaper report by a correspondent revealed that Biggs was living in Melbourne and claimed that police were closing in on him. The story led the evening news bulletin at Channel 9 and Biggs fled his home, staying with family friends in the outer eastern suburbs of Melbourne. Five months later, he fled on a passenger liner from the, using the altered passport of a friend; his wife and sons remained in Australia. Twenty days later, the ship berthed in and within two weeks Biggs had flown to.Following disclosure of Biggs' fathering a child in Brazil, Charmian agreed to a divorce in 1974, which was completed in 1976. Allowed by authorities to remain in Australia, she reverted to her maiden name of Brent and sold her story for £40,000 to an Australian media group to enable her to purchase the rented house that the family had lived in at the time of Biggs's flight to Brazil.
Charmian later undertook a degree and became an editor, publisher and journalist. Her sons—who later visited Biggs a few times in Brazil— live anonymously. In 2012 Charmian acted as a consultant on the five-part docu-drama —in which she was played by actor —which recounts the couple's time from first meeting to Biggs's flight to Brazil. Rio de Janeiro In 1970, when Biggs arrived in Rio de Janeiro, did not have an treaty with the United Kingdom. In 1971, Biggs's eldest son, Nicholas, aged 10, died in a car crash in Melbourne.In 1974, reporter Colin MacKenzie received information suggesting that Biggs was in; a team consisting of MacKenzie, photographer Bill Lovelace and reporter Michael O'Flaherty confirmed this and broke the story.
Detective arrived soon afterwards, but Biggs could not be extradited because his girlfriend, nightclub dancer Raimunda de Castro, was pregnant. Brazilian law at the time did not allow a parent of a Brazilian child to be extradited.During 1974, in Rio, Biggs, an avid jazz fan, collaborated with Bruce Henri (an American player), Jaime Shields, and Aureo de Souza to record Mailbag Blues, a musical narrative of his life that he intended to use as a movie soundtrack. This album was left undiscovered until it was finally released in 2004 by whatmusic.com.In April 1977 Biggs attended an informal drinks party on board the frigate, which was in Rio for a courtesy visit, but he was not arrested. Though in Brazil he was safe from extradition, Biggs's status as a known felon meant he could not work, visit bars or be away from home after 10:00 p.m. To provide an income, Biggs's family hosted barbecues at his home in Rio, where tourists could meet Biggs and hear him recount his involvement in the robbery, which, in fact, was minor.
Biggs was even visited by former footballer, whom Biggs afterwards invited to his apartment after hearing that he was in Rio. 'We had tea on the small balcony at the rear of his home, and one of the first things he asked was, 'How are doing?' It turned out he had supported Charlton from being a small boy and had often seen me play at.' Around this time, 'Ronnie Biggs' mugs, coffee cups and T-shirts also appeared throughout Rio.Biggs recorded vocals on two songs for, 's film about the. The basic tracks for ' (a.k.a. 'The Biggest Blow (A Punk Prayer)'/'Cosh The Driver') and ' were recorded with guitarist and drummer at a studio in Brazil shortly after the Sex Pistols' final performance, with added in an English studio at a later date. 'No One is Innocent' was released as a single in the UK on 30 June 1978 and reached number 7 in the.
The sleeve showed a British actor dressed as Nazi leader playing bass with the group. Biggs's 70th birthday, 1999 (from left): Biggs, his son Michael, Nick Reynolds, and Nick's father, the robbery mastermindIn March 1981, Biggs was by a gang of British ex-soldiers. The boat they took him aboard suffered mechanical problems off, and the stranded kidnappers and Biggs were rescued by the Barbados coastguard and towed into port in Barbados. The kidnappers hoped to collect a reward from the British police; however, like Brazil, Barbados was found to have had no valid extradition treaty with the United Kingdom (a fact which chess player claimed to have paid lawyers to unearth) and Biggs was sent back to Brazil. In February 2006, aired a documentary featuring dramatisations of the attempted kidnapping and interviews with John Miller, the ex- soldier who carried it out. The team was headed by security consultant Patrick King. In the documentary, King claimed that the kidnapping may have been a.
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The ITN reporter paid to accompany Biggs on the private returning him to Brazil and secured an exclusive interview as well as convincing Biggs to kiss the tarmac upon landing. The kidnapping attempt was the subject of the film (1988), which was co-written by Biggs.
In the film Biggs was played by.Biggs's son by de Castro, Michael Biggs, eventually became a member of the children's programme and music band, bringing a new source of income to his father. In a short time, however, the band faded into obscurity and dissolved, leaving father and son in financial difficulty again.In 1991, Biggs sang vocals for the songs ' and ' by German punk band.
In 1993, Biggs sang on three tracks for the album Bajo Otra Bandera by punk band.In 1997 the UK and Brazil ratified an extradition treaty. Two months later, the UK Government made a formal request to the Brazilian government for Biggs's extradition. Biggs had stated that he would no longer oppose extradition. English lawyer Nigel Sangster QC travelled to Brazil to advise Biggs. The extradition request was rejected by the Brazilian Supreme Court, giving Biggs the right to live in Brazil for the rest of his life.
Return to the United Kingdom In 2001 Biggs announced to newspaper that he would be willing to return to the UK.Imprisonment Having 28 years of his sentence left to serve, Biggs was aware that he would be detained upon arrival in Britain. His trip back to Britain on a was paid for by The Sun newspaper, which reportedly paid Michael Biggs £20,000 plus other expenses in return for exclusive rights to the news story. Biggs arrived on 7 May 2001, whereupon he was immediately arrested and re-imprisoned.His son Michael said in a press release that, contrary to some press reports, Biggs did not return to the UK simply to receive health care which was available in Brazil, and he had friends who would have contributed to such expenses, but that it was his desire to 'walk into a pub as an Englishman and buy a pint of '. John Mills, son of train driver, was unforgiving: 'I deeply resent those, including Biggs, who have made money from my father's death. Biggs should serve his punishment.' Mills never fully recovered from his injuries sustained during the robbery.
He died of an unrelated cause in 1970.On 14 November 2001, Biggs petitioned Governor Hynd of for early release on compassionate grounds based on his poor health. He had been treated four times at the in less than six months. His health was deteriorating rapidly, and he asked to be released into the care of his son for his remaining days. The application was denied. On 10 August 2005, it was reported that Biggs had contracted. His representatives, seeking for his release on grounds of compassion, said that their client's death was likely to be imminent. On 26 October 2005, declined his appeal, stating that his illness was not.
Compassion policy is to release prisoners with three months left to live. Biggs was claimed by his son Michael to need a tube for feeding and to have 'difficulty' speaking.On 4 July 2007, Biggs was moved from Belmarsh Prison to on compassionate grounds. In December, Biggs issued a further appeal, from Norwich Prison, asking to be released from jail to die with his family: 'I am an old man, and often wonder if I truly deserve the extent of my punishment.
I have accepted it, and only want freedom to die with my family and not in jail. Decides to allow me to do that. I have been in jail for a long time, and I want to die a free man. I am sorry for what happened. It has not been an easy ride over the years.
Even in Brazil, I was a prisoner of my own making. There is no honour to being known as a Great Train Robber. My life has been wasted.' In January 2009, after a series of strokes that were said to have rendered him unable to speak or walk, it was claimed in the press that Biggs was to be released in August and would die a 'free man'.
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His son Michael had also claimed that the Parole Board might bring the release date forward to July. On 13 February that year, it was reported that Biggs had been taken to hospital from his cell at, suffering from.
This was confirmed the following day by his son Michael, who said Biggs had serious pneumonia but was stable. News of his condition prompted fresh calls from his son Michael for his release on compassionate grounds.On 23 April, the Parole Board recommended that Biggs be released on 4 July, having served a third of his 30-year sentence.
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However, on 1 July, Straw did not accept the Parole Board's recommendation and refused parole, stating that Biggs was 'wholly unrepentant'. On 28 July, Biggs was readmitted to with pneumonia. He had been admitted to the same hospital a month earlier, with a chest infection and a fractured hip, but returned to prison on 17 July. His son Michael said, in one of his frequent news releases: 'It's the worst he's ever been. The doctors have just told me to rush there.'
On 30 July, it was claimed by representatives of Biggs that he had been given 'permission' to challenge the decision to refuse him parole. However, the Home Office stated only that an application for the early release on compassionate grounds of a prisoner at HMP Norwich had been received by the public protection casework section in the. Biggs was released from custody on 6 August, two days before his 80th birthday, on 'compassionate grounds'. Later life Following his release from prison, Biggs's health improved, leading to suggestions that he might soon be moved from hospital to a nursing home.
In response to claims that Biggs's state of health had been faked, his lawyer stated, 'This man is going to die, there is going to be no coming back from the dead, he is ill, he is seriously ill.' However, Biggs himself stated, 'I've got a bit of living to do yet. I might even surprise them all by lasting until Christmas, that would be fantastic.' On 29 May 2010, Biggs was again admitted to hospital in London after complaining of chest pain. He underwent tests at. His son Michael stated, 'he's conscious but he's in a lot of pain'.
In August 2010, it was claimed by the that Biggs would be attending a gala dinner where he would be collecting a lifetime achievement award for his services to crime.On 10 February 2011, Biggs was admitted to Barnet Hospital with another suspected stroke. His son Michael said he was conscious and preparing to have a CT scan and a series of other tests to determine what had happened. On 17 November 2011, Biggs launched his new and updated autobiography, Ronnie Biggs: Odd Man Out – The Last Straw, at Shoreditch House, London. He was unable to speak and used a to communicate with the press.On 12 January 2012, ITV Studios announced it had commissioned a five-part drama, to be based around the life of Biggs's wife Charmian, played by and Biggs.
Charmian Biggs acted as a consultant on the series and travelled to Britain from Australia to visit Biggs in February 2012, just before filming for Mrs Biggs.In March 2013, Biggs attended the funeral of fellow train robber, Bruce Reynolds. In July 2013, The Great Train Robbery 50th Anniversary:1963–2013 was published, with input from Biggs and Reynolds.Death On 18 December 2013, aged 84, Biggs died at the Carlton Court Care Home in, north London, where he was being cared for.
His death coincidentally occurred hours before the first broadcast of a two-part television series, in which Biggs was portrayed by actor. Biggs' body was cremated at on 3 January 2014. The coffin was covered with the, the and a scarf. An honour guard of British escorted his hearse to the crematorium. The Reverend Dave Tomlinson officiated at Biggs' funeral, for which he drew public criticism; Tomlinson responded to critics by using the verse 'Judge not, that ye be not judged'. References. ^ Ronnie Biggs & Chris Packard (17 November 2011).
Odd Man Out – The Last Straw. M Press. ^. 6 August 2009. Retrieved 6 August 2009.
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A legal loophole that could let train robber Ronnie Biggs off the hook does exist, a judge was told yesterday. Barbados parliamentary clerk Ronald Kelman said he could find no official approval of an extradition treaty with Britain. Retrieved 18 August 2016. Retrieved 24 March 2016. Muello, Peter (5 October 1997). Los Angeles Times.
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